Jesselton Residences, Kota Kinabalu
The cold-formed steel sheet pile used here is an important sub-group under steel sheet pile that Oriental Sheet Piling (OSP) offers, and is made to the strictest specification guidelines by continuously rolling steel through our very own cold- bending units. Compared to hot-rolled steel sheet pile, it is the more popular alternative for many engineering fields such as water-based projects and road traffic engineering; this is largely due to its simple production process and low cost.
The Environmentally Friendly Option
Compared to other construction alternatives, steel sheet piles are a much more efficient and environmentally friendly foundation material for construction projects. This is because of its high tensile strength, strong water resistance and high efficiency factors in providing foundation solutions. At the same time, its impeccable durability allows it to be reused or further leased out for other construction purposes.
Cold Formed Sheet Piles – a Best of Both Worlds Solution
Due to the limitations of the production process of cold-formed steel sheet pile, the interlocks between pieces are larger than that of hot-rolled steel sheet pile which may result in less water-retention/breakwater capabilities as compared to hot-rolled steel sheet pile. OSP is however uniquely able to offer the best of both worlds by effectively applying our low-cost cold-formed steel sheet piles for such projects through our unique expertise in the area of sheet piling, as exemplified by this particular case study showing the successful application of our products in a water foundation pit.
Figure 1. Our proposed pit position
Our project contractor here specifically chose to apply our double-row cold formed steel sheet piles for their foundation pit support. This involved 2300 tons of OZ16A, OZ20A and OT22 cold-formed steel sheet piles. The highest water level for this project was +0.945m, while the lowest water level was +0.445m. Mud elevation surface levels were -4.5m, and basement floor elevation levels were -5.1m.
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The inner layer for our double-row foundation pit was completed using the OZ20A models, while the outer layer was completed using the OZ16A model. The elevation levels for our inner layer 18.8m OZ20A cold formed steel sheet pile are as follows: top elevation levels at +1.8m and bottom elevation levels at -17.0m. The elevation levels for our outer layer 17m OZ16A cold formed steel sheet pile are as follows: top elevation levels at +1.5m and bottom elevation levels at -16.0m. The two layers were given 4.5m of spacing between them. This double wall system was completed with Y40 tie rods at 2.74m c/c (length 5.55m), and tie beam H300x300x94kg/m at 3m c/c.
The sand-fill is then built up to an internal friction angle of no less than 30 degrees between double sheet pile and sand-fill within the inner cofferdam. This is coupled with a 9m berm and 1:2 slope ratio to keep the cofferdam stable when draining and/or excavating the inner cofferdam.
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The inner layer for our double-row foundation pit was completed using the OZ20A models, while the outer layer was completed using the OZ16A model. The elevation levels for our inner layer 18.8m OZ20A cold formed steel sheet pile are as follows: top elevation levels at +1.8m and bottom elevation levels at -17.0m. The elevation levels for our outer layer 17m OZ16A cold formed steel sheet pile are as follows: top elevation levels at +1.5m and bottom elevation levels at -16.0m. The two layers were given 4.5m of spacing between them. This double wall system was completed with Y40 tie rods at 2.74m c/c (length 5.55m), and tie beam H300x300x94kg/m at 3m c/c.
The sand-fill is then built up to an internal friction angle of no less than 30 degrees between double sheet pile and sand-fill within the inner cofferdam. This is coupled with a 9m berm and 1:2 slope ratio to keep the cofferdam stable when draining and/or excavating the inner cofferdam.
The sand-fill is then built up to an internal friction angle of no less than 30 degrees between double sheet pile and sand-fill within the inner cofferdam. This is coupled with a 9m berm and 1:2 slope ratio to keep the cofferdam stable when draining and/or excavating the inner cofferdam.
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The Project Flow
Figure 2.1
Double-row steel sheet pile has been driven into the water
Figure 2.2
Installing the purlin and steel at height of 1.0m
Figure 2.3
The rod is installed at an elevation of ±0.0m surface level between double rows
Figure 2.4
Sand is filled between the double rows to a height of +1.5m
Figure 2.5
The resulting cofferdam is backfilled as a slope with 1:2 sand
Figure 2.6
The water within the cofferdam to an elevation of -4.5m is drained
Figure 2.7
An A6 steel mesh is layered on top of the sand slope, with a 75mm layer of concrete sprayed on top of it
Figure 2.8
Dewatering and excavating cofferdam inner to level - 5.1m and constructing foundation
Our project began on June 2011 and was completed in less than half a year by December 2011.
Following an increase in population density in many coastal areas, land resources are becoming more and more scarce while the rate large-scale infrastructure construction steadily increases. This, we believe, will generate better market conditions for the application of steel sheet piles in water-based projects. We hope that through our careful explanation above, the robust application of cold-formed steel sheet pile in this particular context will be better illustrated so as to increase the efficiency and decrease the costs of your future projects.
